Urban Heat Mitigation Through Cool Roofs and Street- Tree Expansion: A Simulated Neighborhood-Scale Assessment

This journal-style empirical article presents a clearly labeled simulated study in Environmental Science / Urban Planning. A simulated summertime dataset for 36 neighborhood blocks representing baseline conditions, cool-roof retrofits, street-tree expansion, and a combined intervention. A simplified neighborhood energy-balance model generated illustrative afternoon air temperature, mean radiant temperature, surface temperature, pedestrian thermal-comfort index, and cooling-energy demand under four scenarios. Intervention effects were summarized using scenario averages. The simulated results indicate meaningful differences between the comparison conditions, with the focal intervention or analytical configuration producing improvements in the main outcome indicators. The findings are illustrative rather than evidence from real participants, institutions, farms, firms, field sites, or operating infrastructure. They are intended to demonstrate a plausible empirical design and reporting structure suitable for subsequent validation with real-world data. The study also identifies implementation constraints, measurement limitations, and directions for future empirical verification.